Oil-burning apparatus



Feb. 24. 1925. 1,5273214 E. H. PEABODY OIL BURNING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 1 1922 5 Shets-Sheet 1 ii Ci. 1- INVENTOR fir'nedt 1.3111221 wa'm; M

ATTORNEY Feb. 24. 1925.

E. H. PEABODY OIL BURNING APPARATUS Filed Aug, 14, 192,2 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR 6m wt H. Peaboiy ww 65. @wm

ATTORNEY Feb. 24. 1925. 1,527,214 f E. H. PEABODY OIL BURNING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 1922 5 ShetS-Sheet 5 HNVENTQR firnwtflfieabo ly BY wwwaw ATTORNEY Feb, 24 19.25.

E. H. PEABQDY OIL BURNING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 14 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR 6 1w 6 QWJLFMZ $02629 ATTORNEY Feb. 24. F925.

E. H. PEABODY OIL BURNING APPARATUS 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Aug. 14, 1922 IHHNI Vn INVENTOR 5 m2 MfifaMogZy ATTORN EY Patented Feb. 24, 1925.

ERNEST H. PEA'BODY, 0F PELHAMMAN OR, NEW YORK.

OIL-BURNIN G APPARATUS.

Application filed August 14, 1922. Serial No. 581,740'.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERNEs'r H. PEABODY, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Pelham Manor, in the county of Westchester, State of New York, have invented certain. new and useful Improvements in Oil-Burning Apparatus, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to an apparatus for directing and controlling the passage of air, and refers particularly to the apparatus for controlling the air for combustion for use with oil fuel, or other fuel injected into a furnace in a finely divided state. In an apparatus ofthis character, it is essential that the air should be admitted in such proportion and in such manner as to unite evenly with the fuel, and with the necessary velocity to insure a thorough and even mixture. It is also essential that the resistance or frictional loss of the passage of the air through'the airv register should be as low as possible and the velocity of the entering air and escaping gases has a most important bearing on the results. If the air passages are made too small or of the wrong shape a. considerable air pressure or draft is required to force the air through the air doors and mixing chamber. If these passages are too large the air currents Will pass at too low a velocity and perfect even mixing of the air and fuel will not be obtained. I

In my invention therefore I have con structed the mixing chamber where the air and fuel combine, with a restricted inlet so that a high velocity of the air entering the mixing chamber is secured. Approximately the same velocit is continued through and around the diffuser, the ofiice of the latter being to prevent the air from striking directly on the fuel, and causing it on'the contrary to diffuse and mix properly.

After the combustion has commenced and a high temperature is set up, it is necessary to lead the gases through an opening into the furnace and this opening should preferably be somewhat larger than the restricted opening into the mixing chamber, on a0- vwhich have expanded due to the count of the greater volume of the gases,

heat. It is in fact possible to make the opening into the furnace of the same or even greater area than the. inside of the mixing chamber on the furnace side of the restricted opening at the entrance, but this subjects the walls of the mixing chamber more directly to the radiant heat of the furnace and I therefore draw in the walls as they approach the outlet as described. This has the further advantage of concentratin the gases and air supply through this reduced opening and perfect the mixture.

In my invention, the air enters through doors which when closed form the surface of a frustum of a cone, each (1001' overlapping the other. Each door or section of this surface, is hinged in such a way that when open, air openings are provided entirely around the complete area of the cone, and owing to the curvature of the doors, the air is made to-pass inside in a smooth rotary motion which facilitates its passage through the register. After leaving the air doors, the rotating column of air passes through a restricted opening intothe mixing chamber where it unites with the fuel and passes into the furnace through a suitable opening promoulded fire brick shapes, and to make a substantial structure which will hold the common shaped fire brick in place Without the use of bolts or other fasteners. Other objects of the invention will be apparent from the following drawings. I

Figure 1 is a front view of my apparatus.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of same, on the line 2-2 Fig. 1.

Figure 3 is aside elevation of the mechanism for controlling the position of the air doors.

Figure l is a perspective view of the apparatus showing the doors partly open, omitting the mixing chamber.

Figure 5 is a front view of an improved form of the apparatus.

Figure 6 is a detail of the door operating mechanism.

Figure 7 is a section through the operating mechanism on the line 7-7 of Figure 5.

Figure 8 is a longitudinal section through the improved form of the apparatus on the line 8-8 in Figure 5.

Referring to Figure 2, 1 is the front platbolts is fitted the flange 3 of the mixing chamber 4 which extends through an opening in the furnace front, and supports the rowlock of fire brick 5. There is a raised portion 6 on the outer wall of the mixing chamber, incline to the furnace front, and when held in place by the remainder of the fire brick wall 7 the rowlock 5 cannot pull away from the furnace front 1. The mixing chamber is provided with a reduced sectional area S which is open to the furnace and the space formed between the-end of the mixing chambers and rowlock 5 is filled in with high temperature cement, or plastic fire brick 9. The extension piece 10 provided with a flange 11 is arranged bolts 2 and together with the mixingchamber is heldfirmly in place by means of the nuts 12. This extension piece has a'restricted cross sectional area at 13 somewhat smaller in area than area at the outlet of the mixing chamber 8. The flange of the extension piece 14 is of larger diameter than the flange 11, and corresponds with the flange 15 of the back plate 16'. The extension piece 14 is further provided witha lip 17 for filling in the space and providing aneasier access for the air. i

The back plate 16 is provided with a front flange 18, which is flared on an angle of approximately 30 degrees from the plane of the flange 15. This flange is provided'with suitable openings for the rece tion of the bolts 19. The pipe sleeves'20 it over these bolts and serve to separate the back plate 16 and the frontplate 21, which is provided with a flared flange .22 which forms the same angle with the plane .of flange 15 as flange 18 of the back plate. The bolts 19 pass through both front and back plate and hold these two-plates firmly together and in perfect alignment, due to the presence of the sleeves 20. The number of these bolts is optional and depends upon the number of doors which it isintended to use, as each one'of these bolts acts as a hinge pin for a corresponding door, shown at 23, Figure 1 and Figure 4. These doors conform to the walls of the frustum of the cone comprised between the flange'lS of the back plate and flange 22 of the front plate.

Each door is fitted with a strap 24-bent sharply at right angles at the ends 25 and provided with suitable openings at these points for fitting over the sleeves 20, so that the doors rotate on these sleeves. as hinges. The strap 24 on its front end is provided with an extension 26 and this extension is slotted in a direction towards the hinge pin to receive a bolt 27 which is, firmly fastened to the movable ring 28 which conforms to the flared flange 22 of the front plate 21 and constitutes a movable extension thereto.

' Suitable rollers, not shown in the drawing,

so that the rowloek 5 is set on an to fit over the studare provided between the movable ring 28- and the flange 22 and the two parts are held in alignment by lugs 29 on the front, and others not shown in the drawing on the back, so that the ring 28 will easily rotate around the flange 22 of the front plate. Fastened to the front plate there is an extension 30 Figure 3, which carries a hand wheel 31 and pinion 32. This pinion 32 fits into a rack 33 Figure4, fastened to the movable ring 28. By means of the hand wheel 31 and the rack and pinion, made to rotate at will around the edge of the flange of the front plate 22 in either direction. A set screw 34 serves to hold the entire mechanism in a fixed position when desired. The front plate is with a boss or flange 35 which is bored out to receive the mechanism through which the fuel is injected into the-furnace. Therels also an opening in the front plate provided with a cover 36, this opening being'for the purpose of inspection or lighting up of fuel, ctc.

It will be obvious that as the ring 28 is 1'0- the movable ring'28 can be provided tated around the flange 22 of the front plate, the bolts 27 are moved in relation to the hinge pins 19. 'Therefore, the extension 26 of the door strap will be moved to right or left about the sleeve 20, this being made possible by the holes in the strap at 2.3 and the slot in the extension of the strap which fits over the bolt 27. It is further evident that as these straps are firmly attached to the doors 23, the doors are made to rotate about the hinge and they will be opened or closed at will by the operation of the hand wheel 31.

A modified form of apparatus is shown in Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8, and is somewhat different in minor details, although precisely the same in action. Thus the mixing chamber is fastened to the front plate 41 also provided suitable lugs 50 on the face .of the mixing chamber to assist in securing the plastic material. and preventing same from dropping out.

The mixing chamber 44 at one end isprovided witha restricted area 51 corresponding substantially with, but preferably smaller than, area 48. is fastened directly to the furnace front over the studs 42 and a flaring flange 53 is provided which carries the hinge bolts The rowlock 45 is again supported The back plate 52 54 and sleeves 55. The air doors 56 have attached to them the straps 57 bent at the ends at 58, which parts are, as before, drilled to fit over the sleeves 55. There is in this case, however, no extension on the front end of the straps, but in place thereof,

' suitable lugs 59 are attached to the doors.

These lugs are provided with suitable slots 60 of special form and of suitable size to receive the pins 61, which are attached to the movable ring 62. This ring is situated in a socket 63 in the front plate 64. Thus instead of locating the movable ring on the exterior periphery of the front plate, the

front plate, itself, is carried up parallel with the furnace front so that if it is desired to use the air register in combination with a wind box or double furnace front the outer plate of same can be easily attached to the flange 65. The movable ring 62 is provided witha rack 66, which gears with the pinion 67, which is controlled by the hand wheel 68 and the lug nut 69 serves to hold this pin-ion in a fixed position when screwed down tightly on the boss 70 on the front plate.

A lighting and inspection opening 71 is provided in the front plate with cover 72 and there are also two cleaning holes 73 with inside self-closing shutters 74. The hub 7 5 supports the burner or fuel pipe and the latter may be held in a fixed position by means of the set screw 76. A key way 77 is provided in this hub for the reception of a feather or key on the fuel pipe if it is desired toprevent the latter from turning in the hub. The clips 78 on the inside of the front plate are provided for holding the ring 62 in position and preventing its working out of the groove or socket 63. It will be obvious that as the ring 62 is rotated by means of the hand wheel 68 and accompanying gears, the pins 61 are moved with respect to the hinge pins 54, which carry the sleeves 55, about which the doors rotate. The slots 60 are so constructed that as the pins 61 move to right or left, the ends of the doors to which the lugs 59 are attached are made to move inward and outward, thus causing the doors to open ancl'close. This construction is much steadier than that shown in Figures 1, 2, 3. and 4 owing to the greater distance between pin 61 and hinge pins 54, and the apparatus is much more compact, owing to the location of the movable ring 62 inside the front'plate. The eye bolt 79 is provided for ease in installing the air register on the furnace front.

It will be evident from the drawings that both constructions of the apparatus provide very easy flow of air as the entire area be tween the front and back plate is open for ingress of the air when'the doors are open; also the curved form and the overlapping of the doors and the fact that theydeliver air tangentially to the inner surface of theconical structure give the air a decided whirling motion which is controlled by'tho position of the oors. The burner 81, atomizer tip 82 and diffuser 83 are shown in Figures 2 and 8. Since these are common to oil burning apparatus of this class they require no further description.

I wish it distinctly understood that my oil burning apparatus herein described and illustrated is in the form in which I desire to construct it and that changes or variations may be made as may be convenient or desirable without departing from the salient features of my invention and I therefore intend the following claims to cover such modifications as naturally fall within the lines of invention.

I claim:

1. In an oil burning apparatus for furnaces, the combination of a burner, an air register, a diffuser in proximity to the burner tip and a mixing chamber the two smallest parts in cross sectional area of which are the end toward the furnace and a ortion between the air register and the di user. I

2. The structure recited in claim 1, the air register consisting of a plurality of segmental register doors each pivotally mounted so that when in a closed posit-ion they form a frustum of a cone.

3. A structure as recited in claim 1,'in which the register consists of a plurality of segmental doors simultaneously movable.

4. A structure as recited in claim 1, in which the air register consists of a plurality of segmental register doors each pivotally mounted near its central longitudinal axis so that the doors overlap when in closed position.

5. In a fuel burnin apparatus, an air register comprising a p urality of segmental doors pivotally mounted so that when in closed position they form a frustum of a cone, and means for simultaneously operating said doors.

6. In an oil burning apparatus a mixing chamber mounted in'a furnace lined with the brick, and held in position by a rowlook, a projection on the outer ,wall of the the segmental" doors when closed form a frustum of a cone.

, to said ring and plate, so

11. The device recited in claim 9 in which the segmental doors partially overlap when in closed position.

12. In a fu l' burning apparatus an air register substantially in the form of a frustum of a cone comprising a plurality of segmental doors each pivotally mounted and each partially overlapping the next. succeeding door.

13. In a fuel burning apparatus, in combination with a burner, of an air register in the shape of a frustum of a cone, comprising an annular ring and front plate, a plurality of segmental blades pivotally mounted and spaced apart to provideair admission apertures, and operative connections between the outer ends of the said blades whereby the angle of inclination ofthe blades may be'varied.

14. The device of claim 13 in which the operative connections between the blades impart simultaneous movement to all of said blades.

15. The device of claim 13 in which each blade partially overlaps the next succeeding blade when in closed position.

" 16. An. air register comprisin cularmembers, means spacing sai members, doors carried by said spacing means and when closed forming the frustum of a cone, and means for rotating said doors about axes parallel to elements of the conical surface.

17. In an oil burning apparatus for furnaces a mixing chamber having two distinct restricted portions, the cross-sectional two cirarea of the restricted portion nearest the furnace being larger than the other.

18. In an oil burning apparatus for furnaces, the combination of a burner, an air register, a difi'user secured in roximit to the burner tip, and a mixing cliamber aving a restricted end towards the furnace and a restricted portion between the air register and the diffuser.

19. A structure as recited in claim 18 in which the air register gives a rotary motion to the entering air.

20. A structure as recited in claim 18 in which the register consists of a pluralit of doors mounted at an angle to the axis 0 the mixing chamber and slmultaneously mov able. v

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

" ERNEST H. PEABODY.)

Witnesses En'wn VANWINKLE, M. Ross. 

